《追憶似水年華》（法語：À la recherche du temps perdu，又譯作《追尋逝去的時光》、《挽回失去的時間》、《追憶似水流年》、《往事追跡錄》，是法國作家馬塞爾·普魯斯特（1871年—1922年）的作品，以其長度及意識流手法而著名。全文共計7卷，分別是：《在斯萬家那邊》《在少女們身旁》《蓋爾芒特家那邊》《索多姆和戈摩爾》《女囚》《女逃亡者》《重現的時光》。
1913年第一部小說《在斯萬家那邊》（Du côté de chez Swann）出版，《新法蘭西評論》的主編兼詩人里維埃爾（Jacques Rivière）大力推薦，引起熱烈的討論，紀德很有風度的承認錯誤，並寫信向普魯斯特致歉。1919年第二部小說《在少女身旁》（À l’ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs）出版，一開始反應平平，但隨後榮獲「龔古爾文學獎」，普魯斯特開始聲名大噪。1921年5月在網球場博物館參觀荷蘭畫展時，普魯斯特突感不適。1922年4月3日《索多姆和戈摩爾》（Sodome et Gomorrhe）第二卷在新法蘭西評論社印畢。同年11月18日普魯斯特與世長辭，所幸這時他的小說已全部完成。1923年《女囚》（La Prisonnière）在新法蘭西評論社出版，1925年《女逃亡者》以及《阿爾貝蒂娜不知去向》出版，1927年出版《過去韶光的重現》（Le Temps retrouvé），至此全書出版。普魯斯特的外祖母酷愛十七世紀法國著名書簡作家塞維尼夫人（Madame Sévigné，1626年—1696年）的書簡。每逢外出旅行時，總要把塞維尼夫人《書簡集》隨身帶走，以便抽空閱讀。第四卷《索多姆和戈摩爾》果然發現了塞維尼夫人的名字。《追憶似水年華》被譽為二十世紀最偉大的小說之一，史蒂芬·黑雨在二十一世紀初將這七巨冊小說改編成漫畫12冊，這是一項艱難的任務。
小說第一卷《在斯萬家那邊》中的第二部分，《斯萬之戀》（Un amour de Swann），常常單獨出版。其主要內容是查爾斯·斯萬和奧黛特·德·克雷西之間的愛情故事。這一部分篇幅較較短、獨立性較強，因此被認爲是初讀《追憶似水年華》最好的選擇，在法國的一些學校中被作為法語課或哲學課的重要閱讀材料來研讀。
The Outsiders is a coming-of-age novel by S.E. Hinton published in 1967 by Viking Press. The book details the conflict between two rival gangs of White Americans divided by their socioeconomic status: the working-class “Greasers” and the upper-middle-class “Socs” (pronounced /ˈsoʊʃɪz/—short for Socials). The story is told in first-person perspective by teenage protagonist Ponyboy Curtis, and takes place in Tulsa, Oklahoma in 1965, although this is never explicitly stated in the book.
Hinton began writing the novel when she was 15 and wrote the bulk of it when she was 16 and a junior in high school. She was 18 when the book was published. She released the work using her initials rather than her feminine given names (Susan Eloise) so that her gender would not lead male book reviewers to dismiss the work.
A film adaptation was produced in 1983 by Francis Ford Coppola, and a short-lived television series appeared in 1990, picking up where the movie left off. A dramatic stage adaptation was written by Christopher Sergel and published in 1990. A stage musical adaptation of the same name will premiere on Broadway in 2024.
Ponyboy Curtis, a fourteen-year-old boy who is a member of a “gang of greasers”, is leaving a movie theater when he is jumped by “Socs”, the greasers’ rival gang. Several greasers, including Ponyboy’s two older brothers—the paternal Darry and the popular Sodapop—come to his rescue. The next night, Ponyboy and two greaser friends, the hardened Dally and the quiet Johnny, meet Cherry and Marcia, a pair of Soc girls, at a drive-in movie theater. Cherry scorns Dally’s rude advances, but Ponyboy speaks civilly with Cherry, emotionally connecting with a Soc for the first time in his life.
Afterward, Ponyboy, Johnny, and their wisecracking friend Two-Bit begin to walk Cherry and Marcia home, when they are stopped by Cherry’s boyfriend Bob, who badly beat up Johnny a few months back. Bob and the greasers exchange taunts, but Cherry prevents a fight by willingly leaving with Bob. Ponyboy gets home at two in the morning, enraging Darry until he suddenly slaps Ponyboy. Pony runs out the door and meets up with Johnny, expressing his anger at Darry’s increasing coldness in the wake of his parents’ recent deaths in a car crash.
Running away from home, Ponyboy and Johnny wander into a park, where Bob and four other Socs surround them. After some heated talk, Ponyboy spits at the Socs, prompting them to attempt to drown him in a nearby fountain, but Johnny stabs Bob, killing him and dispersing the rest. Terrified as to what to do next, Ponyboy and Johnny rush to find Dally, who gives them money and a loaded firearm, directing them to hide in an abandoned church in Windrixville. During their stay there, Pony cuts and dyes his hair as a disguise, reads Gone with the Wind to Johnny, and, upon viewing a beautiful sunrise, recites the poem “Nothing Gold Can Stay” by Robert Frost.
Days later, Dally comes to check on them, revealing that violence between the greasers and Socs has escalated since Bob’s death into all-out city-wide warfare, with Cherry acting out of guilt as a spy for the greasers. Johnny decides to turn himself in and Dally agrees to take the boys back home. As they attempt to leave, they notice the church has caught fire and several local schoolchildren have become trapped inside. The greasers run inside the burning church to save the children, but Ponyboy is rendered unconscious by the fumes. At the hospital he discovers that he and Dally are not badly injured, but a piece of the church roof fell on Johnny and broke his back. Sodapop and Darry come to the hospital; Darry breaks down and cries. Ponyboy then realizes that Darry cares about him, and is only hard on him because he loves him and cares about his future.
The following morning the newspapers declare Pony and Johnny heroes, but Johnny will be charged with manslaughter for Bob’s death. Two-Bit tells them that the greaser–Soc rivalry is to be settled in a final rumble. Ponyboy and Two-Bit are approached by a Soc named Randy, Bob’s best friend, who expresses remorse for his involvement in the gang war, lacks confidence about the rumble ending the feud, and says he will not participate.
Later, Ponyboy visits Johnny at the hospital, where he is in critical condition. On their way home, Pony spots Cherry and they talk. Cherry says she is unwilling to visit Johnny in the hospital because he killed her boyfriend. Pony calls her a traitor, but after she explains herself they end on good terms. After escaping the hospital, Dally shows up just in time for the rumble. The greasers win the fight. Afterward, Pony and Dally hurry back to the hospital to see Johnny, but he dies moments later and a maniacal Dally runs out of the room. Pony returns home that night feeling confused and disoriented. Dally calls the house to say that he has robbed a store and is running from the police. The greasers find Dally deliberately pointing an unloaded firearm at the police, causing them to shoot and kill him. Overwhelmed, Ponyboy faints and is sick in bed for many days due to the resulting concussion from the rumble. When the hearing finally comes, the judge frees Ponyboy from responsibility for Bob’s death and allows Pony to remain at home with Darry and Sodapop.
Ponyboy returns to school, but his grades drop. Although he is failing English, his teacher, Mr. Syme, says he will pass him if he writes a decent theme. In the copy of Gone with the Wind that Johnny gave him before dying, Ponyboy finds a letter from Johnny describing how he will die proudly after saving the kids from the fire. Johnny also urges Ponyboy to “stay gold”. Ponyboy decides to write his English assignment about the recent events, and begins his essay with the opening line of the novel: “When I stepped out into the bright sunlight from the darkness of the movie house, I had only two things on my mind: Paul Newman and a ride home”.
陳旭@perth 